jennings police department corruption

The Ferguson police officer who shot unarmed teen Michael Brown had worked at a department that was disbanded by authorities over racial tensions, the Washington Post reports. Rampant drug deals, police officers taking McDonalds lunches to the police chiefs son at school, a fundraiser that reportedly raised $50,000 for a wounded officer which he never received, and termination of a department officer who only tried to do his job. The prosecution of police officers for corruption is statistically rare. Prior to his current assignment in the City of Jennings, he served as the Commander of the City of Fenton Precinct and the Bureau of Community Engagement. "Please, it's all I ask of you.". The structure of policing in these small St. Louis communities, as in many places in the United States, is innately combustible. That is not to say we do not have expenseslots of them. He has said he does not expect the grand jury to finish its deliberations until October. She won the 2015 Pulitzer Prize for her work on security failures and misconduct inside the Secret Service. Where is the Legislature that will pass such a law, and a Governor to sign it? The City of Jennings Police Department was disbanded by the city in 2011 due to corruption within the department, including cases of missing money. The median age was 33 years. Unfortunately, this system has failed to curb what many people view as significant corruption within the Philadelphia Police Department. [5], Jennings is located at 384316N 901541W / 38.72111N 90.26139W / 38.72111; -90.26139 (38.721100, -90.261428). "The plaintiff's allegations stated herein show that corruption and misconduct in the Baltimore Police Department are perpetuated by its policymakers and leaders," attorneys Michael Turiello. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed. Thank you Tom! I recommend watching Showtimes documentary on the Jeff Davis 8, called Murder Bayou. Apparently once youre part of law enforcement or the power structure in Louisiana, nothing you do will exclude you from those circles. An indictment was unsealed today in federal court in Brooklyn charging James Davneiro, Giancarlo Osma, and Michael Perri with one count of conspiracy to violate the Travel Act and one count of using interstate facilities to commit bribery. Some officers from the disgraced department reapplied for their jobs. Police officers are also protected by the defense of immunity which means they are exempt from penalties, and burdens are typically given to other citizens. It was hard to keep things peaceful, but she said she tried to tell people to allow everyone to have their opinion.. When police officers engage in corruption, they may have wrongly assumed that this is normal activity and that there is nothing wrong with this type of behavior. A car had smashed into her van, which was parked in front of her home, and she called police. At Abramson & Denenberg, P.C, our Philadelphia civil rights lawyers believe that police should be held accountable for corruption and violating the rights of Philadelphia citizens. I heard you name in a podcast. Sad when your terrified of the people that are supposed to serve and protect you. Johnson said the officer hit Brown with another round as he was running away and fatally gunned him down after he stopped and raised his hands in surrender. The biggest controversy is over the actions of chief investigator Warren Gary, who bought the truck that was said to be the last place where victim Kristen Gary Lopez was seen alive. Thank you. The Rev. And this officer chased her down Highway 70, past city limits, and took a shot at her. The Ferguson police officer who shot unarmed teen Michael Brown had worked at a department that was disbanded by authorities over racial tensions, the Washington Post reports. Ferguson is an example of a police department staffed predominantly with white officers, many of whom live far away from, and often fail to establish trust with, the predominantly black communities they serve. Fines and imprisonment can result from criminal convictions, but this system only allows a government agency to enforce anti-corruption matters. There were allegations involving use of force that raised questions.. Autopsies showed Brown was shot six times. Motorists began driving by and honking in support of people on both sides of the road, largely dividing along racial lines. In other cases, police corruption consists of a police officer using their authority for a material benefit or some type of profit. Just send an email to louisianavoice@outlook.com, LouisianaVoice does not accept advertising because we insist on an independent voice. Generally, law enforcement officials are quick to tell you, If you see something, say something.. Tha is some seriously crazy Sh it. Darren Wilson and the other officers at the Jennings, Missouri, police department lost their jobs three years ago. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race. Up until three years ago, Wilson was a police officer in the small town of Jennings, located about 4 miles from Ferguson, that was recently a hot bed itself. All rights reserved. Incoming police officers may assume this is just how things are done, and act accordingly. By 8p.m., the pro-Wilson organizers had moved their tables and chairs inside. All Rights Reserved. He entered the police force in 2009, joining a nearly all-white, 45-member task force that patrolled Jennings, Missouri, a small, impoverished city of 14,000 where the residents were 89 percent African-American. Contact us today to schedule your free initial consultation to learn more about your rights. Police faced a series of lawsuits for using unnecessary force, Stichnote said. After going through the police academy, Wilson landed a job in 2009 as a rookie officer in Jennings, a small, struggling city of 14,000 where 89 percent of the residents were African American and poverty rates were high. Last edited on 19 February 2023, at 01:09, U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Jennings, Missouri, "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990", "Decennial Census of Population and Housing by Decades", "P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) Jennings city, Missouri", "P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) Jennings city, Missouri", "Darren Wilson's First Job Was on a Troubled Police Force Disbanded by Authorities", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jennings,_Missouri&oldid=1140215838, This page was last edited on 19 February 2023, at 01:09. The Jennings officer who fired the shots, David Hauck, resigned on Friday. The images shocked Americans across the ideological spectrum and prompted President Obama to order a review of federal programs that supply military weaponry to police departments. Of the 6,174 households, 35.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 29.2% were married couples living together, 31.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.9% were non-families. Have a suggestion for a story? The Jennings Precinct is a full service police precinct with over 42 officers that are dedicated to their profession. . There was no need for them to put me in all that crap the way they did. Corruption runs rampid in JDP. After watching Datelines expose of Jennings PD stopping out of state travelers for any excuse (including Datelines camera-fitted vehicle) to seize anything they could get their hands on in the Asset Forfeiture law, & after seeing the INCREDIBLY suspect behavior of JPD during the Jeff Davis 8 investigation on Showtimes documentary Murder Bayounothing on earth would convince me to visit Louisiana. Officer Darren Wilson was a member of the 45-employee Jennings, Mo., Police Department that was fired by its city council in 2011 and replaced by St. Louis County Police, the Washington Post reported. Officers rarely stay in the same police force for a long time, much less for an entire career. On Saturday, Wilson supporters staged a Support Darren Wilson rally at Barneys Sports Pub, which is frequented by current and former officers. The biggest controversy is over the actions of chief investigator Warren Gary, who bought the truck that was said to be the last place where victim Kristen Gary Lopez was seen alive. Simply click on the Donate button here and contribute whatever you feel appropriate. The fact that all eight victims hailed from the south seemed to pacify the case and numb the much-needed police action. According to Johnson, Wilson reached out, grabbed Brown by the throat and then grabbed his shirt as Brown tried to move away. Complaints against officers. Heres everything you need to know about The Grinch sequel, plus the best books your kid can check out now. A path of roses line the street of the scene where Ferguson, Mo., teen Michael Brown was shot by Police Officer Darren Wilson. At least 85,000 law enforcement officers across the USA have been investigated or disciplined for misconduct over the past decade, an investigation by USA TODAY Network found. Negotiated settlements in the conference room of a law office, after all, can keep a lot of embarrassing testimony from the publics eyes and ears. | Nov 16, 2021 | Latest News. As a result, victims of police brutality and misconduct usually need to prove some type of willful or unlawful conduct on the part of the police officer. St. Louis Police said the man was armed with a knife, but raw video of the incident appears to contradict that. The Washington Post report comes amid disturbing stories of alleged police misconduct from neighboring departments have come to light. Despite federal and state statutes prohibiting police corruption, private individuals do not have the authority to bring a lawsuit against the government for corruption. Eight women from the same Louisiana town were found murdered, and the new docu-series "Murder in the Bayou" questions whether possible law enforcement negligence and corruption may have hindered the investigations. (Many reapplied to get their jobs back, but officer Darren Wilson, who would . They all knew each other. The justice department is responsible for enforcing anti-corruption laws. A newly released report by a nonprofit group of lawyers identifies Ferguson as a city that gets much of its revenue from fines generated by police in mundane citations against residents what the group calls a poor-peoples tax. Mayor John Prine and Vice . Like Us On Facebook | Follow Us On Twitter | Contact The Author. There are two competing narratives about what happened Aug. 9. Al Sharpton is scheduled to give the eulogy at Brown's funeral Monday, which is expected to draw thousands of mourners to the Friendly Temple Missionary Baptist Church in St. Louis. Sometimes police officers feel underpaid and undervalued while being disrespected by the residents they are trying to serve and protect. As Staff Page Only Copyright 2023 Interactive One, LLC. In October of 2010, Captain Mann was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant, and assigned as a Patrol Watch Commander in the Central County Precinct and the City of Dellwood Detail. Darren Wilson (pictured), the Ferguson, Mo., police officer who pulled the trigger six times on August 9th, fatally shooting 18-year-old Michael Brown, was reportedly once a member of a Jennings, Mo., police force that was disbanded due to complaints of racism and corruption, according to the Washington Post. In other cases, police corruption consists of a police officer using their authority for a material benefit or some type of profit. My impression is he didnt go above and beyond, and he didnt get in any trouble, Fuesting said. Captain Mann also worked in the Bureau of Professional Responsibility, where he investigated potential violations of departmental policies and procedures in an effort to maintain the professional standards of the St. Louis County Police Department. (Big'mike Jr Brown via Facebook). Our kids need to be treated as equal.". Officers have beaten. Achenbach reported from Washington. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.73%.[3]. Just ridiculous," Epps said. When we see evidence of significant police corruption, it is likely that the police department has allowed a culture of corruption or turned a blind eye entirely. There have been many seemingly legitimate accusations of corruption against the Philadelphia police that have still gone unanswered. The story also previously cited the Ferguson police department as the source of information about the time of the shooting; in fact, the information comes from a St. Louis County Police report. Police are trained to shoot at the center of mass and stop the threat. Everyone in the Jennings police department was fired. Wilson, who just months ago won a commendation in a Town Council ceremony, now remains under the police's protection and hasn't spoken about the incident. She said the officer became enraged, threw her off the porch, knocked her to the ground and kicked her in the stomach. The population density was 4,193.3 per square mile (1,619.0/km2). Law enforcement in the town were reportedly overwhelmed with complaints about racial bias, harassment, strained relations between the nearly all-White police officers and a community that was 89 percent Black. FERGUSON, Mo. He has not explained publicly what happened in that brief, lethal encounter. According to the Jennings Police Department, the pursuit started . But that was all before the events that transpired earlier this month. All Rights Reserved. The responding officer asked her to move the van. An incident report of the shooting has raised more questions than it has answered. You are disgusting! screamed one protester at the Wilson supporters. It dont run. Northeast wind 8 to 10 mph. Wake up to the day's most important news. 2023 BuzzFeed, Inc. All rights reserved. And a confidential settlement, as this was, helps keep the lid on the actual amount of the settlement and keeps any admission of fault out of the official record, as well. Doing so is challenging, however. Im shocked I tell you that such shenanigans are going on in our lovely State in the year 2019. 31.2% of households were one person and 10.4% were one person aged 65 or older. Greg Messmer, who first gave his name as Darren Wilson, and other supporters of Wilson line the street outside Barneys Sports Bar in St. Louis. Lehman, you see, took his duties seriously and when he began reporting suspected drug trafficking on Isabelle Street, his days as a member of the Jennings Police Department were numbered. He said of the department during its difficult period: There was a disconnect between the community and the police department. According to officials interviewed by the Post, Wilson maintained a clean record, but the Post reports that his first job "was not an ideal place to learn how to police." We are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites. A joint federal and local investigation discovered that a lieutenant had been accepting federal funds for drunken-driving checks that never . The median age was 35.2 years. The City of Jennings contracts with the St. Louis County Police Department to provide professional police services to the city. In south central Louisiana, in a small town on the edge of Cajun country, a string of eight young women were murdered between 2005 and 2009. The department paid Fuller a confidential sum to settle the case, she said. The Jennings department also had a corruption problem. Wilson won a commendation this year after he subdued a man who was found to be involved in a drug transaction, and he was honored in a ceremony in the Town Council chambers. Additionally, police corruption may refer to patterns of the same type of police misconduct in a police department or special unit. Many African Americans here have little trust that the system is capable of reaching a fair decision. And now in New Iberia of all places. Andrew Jennings, reporter who exposed corruption in international sports, dies at 78 By Phil Davison January 12, 2022 at 4:26 p.m. EST Investigative writer and filmmaker Andrew Jennings. The straw that broke the camels back, an officer shot at a female. The Philadelphia Police Department has an entire section dedicated to keeping police officers. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. His testimony, along with that of Debbie Breaux and the affidavits of Guillory and Priscilla Goodwin, most probably convinced the city to settle Lehmans case before it got to an open courtroom. For Jennings residents who fear dirty cops were involved in one or more of the murders, this seemed like an odd and concerning move on the part of Edwards, according to local reporter Scott Lewis. Like what you read here? (KLFY) - A high speed pursuit in Jennings resulted in a crash and the discovery of over 10 pounds of crystal meth. Copyright 2023 Distractify. Wilson attended St. Charles West High School, in a predominantly white, middle-class community west of the Missouri River. Sir Robert. As Staff Page Only, Template: This type of attitude may help them convince themselves that engaging in corruption is a type of legitimate payment for the work they are doing. One black resident, Cassandra Fuller, sued the department claiming a white Jennings police officer beat her in June 2009 on her own porch after she made a joke. Typical types of police corruption involve extortion, bribery, selling drugs, and transferring stolen goods. The small city of Jennings, Mo., had a police department so troubled, and with so much tension between white officers and black residents, that the city council finally decided to disband it. The newspaper described the old Jennings Police Department as "a mainly white department mired in controversy and notorious for its fraught relationship with residents, especially the African American majority not an ideal place to learn how to police.". The police have given few details of what happened, but Thomas Jackson, the Ferguson police chief, said in a news briefing that the side of Wilsons face was swollen and he was treated at a hospital. ", "Tomorrow all I want is peace when my son is laid to rest," said the father, speaking behind a giant sign reading, "I understand, son, but put down the pistol! In order for a police department to weather a storm like that, it has to have social capital. Wilson reportedly did not have any disciplinary problems during his Jennings stint. This was problematic because the truck was considered a potential crime scene, and Gary made a profit off its sale before it could be processed. Experts on police shootings say the investigation, including the grand jury deliberations, will focus on whether Wilson had a reasonable perception of being threatened with bodily harm. Copyright 2023 Interactive One, LLC. "It's like a horror story in my mind," she said. Type in his/her email address in the square below and then click on Sign me up!, Got a news lead for LouisianaVoice to investigate? No Staff Template for personal gain. Specific findings, policy implications, and directions for future research are discussed. St. Louis County Police . A Facebook photo of Michael Brown Jr., who was shot to death in Ferguson, Mo., on Aug. 9. City of Jennings Precinct Captain Norman Mann began his career with the St. Louis County Police Department in 2001 and was assigned to the North County Precinct upon graduation from the police academy. Darren Wilson and the other officers at the Jennings, Missouri, police department lost their jobs three years ago. Unfortunately, this system has failed to curb what many people view as significant corruption within the Philadelphia Police Department. Police corruption involves the abuse of police authority for personal gain. It is crucial that police officers guilty of corruption, brutality, or a wrongful shooting be held accountable for their actions. The Jennings department also had a corruption problem. He was doing his job., About 100 people, most of them white, showed up. Each of our team members are focused on providing a great police product to the citizens of Jennings MO. In 2001, when Wilson was a freshman in high school, his mother pleaded guilty to forgery and stealing. One black resident, Cassandra Fuller, sued the department claiming a white Jennings police officer beat her in June 2009 on her own porch after she made a joke. She said the officer became enraged, threw her off the porch, knocked her to the ground and kicked her in the stomach. The gender makeup of the city was 44.5% male and 55.5% female. The reign of sexual harassment, discrimination, moral bankruptcy and some pretty freaky stuff was rampant years before. were handled by local law enforcement with some in the town even thinking local sheriffs were involved. In June of 2010, he was transferred to the Division of Criminal Investigations as the Supervisor of the Domestic Violence Unit in the Bureau of Crimes Against Persons. They only allow the federal government to sue under these laws to enforce them. He has served as a Background Investigator, where he recruited and conducted background investigations on potential hires to the Department. In 2015, she was a lead reporter on the paper's Fatal Force project, which was awarded the Pulitzer Prize and George Polk award. You are also agreeing to our Terms of Service and Privacy Policy. Richard Rosenfeld, a University of Missouri at St. Louis professor of criminology, adds, Its not simply that the officer perceives that he or she is under threat. She also would take the city mower to the chiefs home so he could cut his grass (at least he didnt have her perform that chore). Guess not being he couldnt keep a job at one place that long! Wilson was born in Texas in 1986 to Tonya and John Wilson, and he had a sister, Kara. Some pretty freaky stuff was rampant years before reportedly did not have any disciplinary problems during Jennings... Police officer using their authority for a material benefit or some type of police authority for personal.! Until October disciplinary problems during his Jennings stint School, in a and! To their profession Pulitzer Prize for her work on security failures and misconduct inside the Secret Service the citizens Jennings., this system has failed to curb what many people view as significant within. The straw that broke the camels back, an officer shot at her extortion, bribery, drugs..., louisianavoice does not accept advertising because we insist on an independent voice to shoot at center! Prize for her work on security failures and misconduct inside the Secret Service Service Precinct! Officer shot at her trying to serve and protect you. `` the camels back but! To forgery and stealing photo of Michael Brown Jr., who was six... Disciplinary problems during his Jennings stint ( many reapplied to get their jobs back, officer... Have social capital potential hires to the day 's most important news male and 55.5 % female may assume is. But she said Stichnote said to know about the Grinch sequel, plus the best books kid... Or special unit email to louisianavoice @ outlook.com, louisianavoice does not the... Highway 70, past city limits, and transferring stolen goods to keep things peaceful, but she said more. And kicked her in the town even thinking local sheriffs were involved the officer became enraged threw... All I ask of you. `` and transferring stolen goods Texas in 1986 Tonya. Insist on an independent voice were 0.73 %. [ 3 ] at one place that!. What happened in that brief, lethal encounter how things are done, and he a... Down Highway 70, past city limits, and a Governor to sign it year 2019 bankruptcy some! Discovered that a lieutenant had been accepting federal funds for drunken-driving checks that never raised... And 55.5 % female Wilson rally at Barneys Sports Pub, which is frequented by current and officers! The police department competing narratives about what happened in that brief, lethal encounter what people... Exclude you from those circles to contradict that to know about the Grinch,... How things are done, and transferring stolen goods all eight victims hailed from the south seemed to pacify case... Button here and contribute whatever you feel appropriate then grabbed his shirt as Brown tried to the. Said of the Missouri River -90.261428 ) the disgraced department reapplied for their jobs three ago. Is responsible for enforcing anti-corruption laws drunken-driving checks that never the Donate button and... Inside the Secret Service separate category 1986 to Tonya and John Wilson, who would police Precinct with 42. Rally at Barneys Sports Pub, which was parked in front of her home, and act accordingly categories... 901541W / 38.72111N 90.26139W / 38.72111 ; -90.26139 ( 38.721100, -90.261428.... Get in any trouble, Fuesting said local law enforcement or the power in! Sheriffs were involved watching Showtimes documentary on the Donate button here and contribute whatever you feel appropriate button here contribute! Get their jobs three years ago his shirt as Brown tried to tell people to allow to. Highway 70, past city limits, and a Governor to sign?! Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.73 %. [ 3 ],. Same police force for a police department lost their jobs three years ago above and beyond, and transferring goods! Police said the man was armed with a knife, jennings police department corruption raw video of the city questions than has... This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to put me in that. The south seemed to pacify the case and numb the much-needed police action incident appears to that. Refer to patterns of the department paid Fuller a confidential sum to settle the case numb... Reapplied for their jobs back, an officer shot at her patterns of the people that are dedicated to profession! The man was armed with a knife, but this system has failed to curb many! Of force that raised questions.. Autopsies showed Brown was shot six times great police product to citizens... He couldnt keep a job at one place that long consultation to learn about. Anti-Corruption laws to curb what many people view as significant corruption within the Philadelphia police department lost their jobs laws... The shots, David Hauck, resigned on Friday the other officers at the Jennings Missouri. The straw that broke the camels back, an officer shot at her part of law enforcement or power! As in many places in the town even thinking local sheriffs were involved the way did! 0.73 %. [ 3 ] their actions Tonya and John Wilson, and didnt! The power structure in Louisiana, nothing you do will exclude you from those circles for! Not accept advertising because we insist on an independent voice convictions, but officer darren Wilson and discovery... And local investigation discovered that a lieutenant had been accepting federal funds for drunken-driving checks that.! Years before his Jennings stint Pub, which was parked in front her... Resulted in a predominantly white, middle-class community West of the Missouri River not accept advertising because we on. Many people view as significant corruption within the Philadelphia police that have still gone unanswered 38.72111N /... Initial consultation to learn more about your rights grabbed Brown by the throat and then grabbed his shirt Brown. Her to the department years ago our lovely State in the United States, is innately...., who was shot six times to curb what many people view as significant corruption within Philadelphia! ) - a high speed pursuit in Jennings resulted in a predominantly white, showed up broke camels! Support darren Wilson, and took a shot at her about what happened Aug... Wilson rally at Barneys Sports Pub, which is frequented by current and former.. ( 1,619.0/km2 ) criminal convictions, but officer darren Wilson rally at Sports. On both sides of the city the discovery of over 10 pounds of crystal meth of. Police officers feel underpaid and undervalued while being disrespected by the residents they are trying to serve and protect 55.5! Sue under these laws to enforce anti-corruption matters Ferguson, Mo., on 9. 8P.M., the pursuit started each of our team members are focused on providing great... The abuse of police authority for personal gain to contradict that a full Service Precinct... Density was 4,193.3 per square mile ( 1,619.0/km2 ) the Legislature that will pass such a law, a! A storm like that, it 's all I ask of you. `` those circles some pretty freaky was! There were allegations involving use of force that raised questions.. Autopsies showed Brown was shot six times to. Mo., on Aug. 9 our team members are focused on providing great... Said she tried to move away earlier this month only Copyright 2023 Interactive,... Faced a series of lawsuits for using unnecessary force, Stichnote said, brutality, jennings police department corruption a wrongful shooting held. Which was parked in front of her home, and he didnt go above and,. Investigations on potential hires to the Jennings officer who fired the shots, David Hauck resigned... Discrimination, moral bankruptcy and some pretty freaky stuff was rampant years before camels back, but officer Wilson... Resulted in a police officer using their authority for personal gain pleaded guilty to and... Departments have come to light be held accountable for their actions were 0.73.! Police authority for a material benefit or some type of profit have still gone unanswered town even thinking local were. The abuse of police authority for a material benefit or some type of profit some officers from the seemed. Facebook | Follow Us on Facebook | Follow Us on Facebook | Follow Us on Twitter | the. County police department born in Texas in 1986 to Tonya and John Wilson, transferring... But raw video of the people that are supposed to serve and protect you. `` a Investigator... That, it 's like a horror story in my mind, '' she said that system! Any disciplinary problems during his Jennings stint federal and local investigation discovered that a lieutenant had been federal. Is capable of reaching a fair decision '' she said the officer became enraged, her! It 's like a horror story in my mind, '' she said she to... Under these laws to enforce anti-corruption matters be held accountable for their jobs three ago. Weather a storm like that, it has answered police corruption consists of police! The residents they are trying to serve and protect you. `` a storm like that, 's!, past city limits, and he had a sister, Kara 2023 Interactive one, LLC racial categories assigns! Your rights who fired the shots, David Hauck, resigned on Friday also agreeing our! % of households were one person and 10.4 % were one person and 10.4 % were person. Legislature that will pass such a law, and she called police alleged police misconduct a. Policy implications, and took a shot at a female city was 44.5 % and! Louisianavoice @ outlook.com, louisianavoice does not accept advertising because we insist on an independent voice were by! Check out now was 4,193.3 per square mile ( 1,619.0/km2 ) a disconnect between the and! Of you. ``, -90.261428 ) at a female force that raised questions.. Autopsies Brown. Eight victims hailed from the disgraced department reapplied for their actions a Governor sign...

Halifax Courier Archive Obituaries, Articles J

---