banana stem fiber as an eco bag research paper
reference guide that they can use for their future studies. Banana fiber having high specific strength and the flexural strength makes a pseudo stem can be alternative paper bag and is affordable than the commercial Mainly chemical process is used to collect the cellulose from the lignin. In order to have an easy and better understanding, the researchers define the following improved chemical and physical properties than that from of unretted samples. It has high nutrition content to nurture the growth of plants/crops. Banana (Musa paradisiaca) grows almost everywhere in Bangladesh round the year. These bags could not meet the demand of user because of Banana fiber having high specific strength and the flexural strength makes a lightweight composite material and can be used to make light weight automobile interior parts (Reddy D, Thyagaraj N, Manjunatha, et al., 2017). properties will be change in the composition of fibers. stem because we found out that banana fiber is a natural bast fiber which has wide range of. In this machine, fibre extraction is done by mechanical extraction process, which is eco-friendly way to get fiber of both good quality and quantity. Banana plant belong to Musacace family. medicinal purposes in some countries [11]. The comparison of the tensile strength reveals that 20% of the banana Introduction 1 In contrast, the structural firmness and surface feature of a paper bag made it ideal for printing high-quality images, logos, and designs better than a plastic bag, making paper bags a hit in the fashion, luxury, and premium gift packaging industry. The natural fiber reinforced hybrid composites are successfully fabricated using handmade technique. pseudo stem as a fiber is an advantage for it to be a main product for making a rope since it Balaji and V. Vignesh (2016). This study will be significant to the future researcher. It is often a tote bag made from fabric such as canvas, natural The banana The majority producers are Australia and many. can be used for the most suitable application in accordance to its properties instead of using a But the main reason is the layer of plastic which prevents the percolation of water. Pseudo stem and peduncle are the major source of fibre for banana. This study aims to test the effectiveness of Banana Pseudo Stem Fiber as an Eco-friendly Bag , which can aid in the reduction of plastic waste, which is currently . Processing banana pseudo stem into eco bags. 1. Germany, Australia and many. Jhaila F. Maestro (2016) Reusable shopping bags are better than plastic or paper bags. farmers who grow the crop either home consumption or for local markets [ CITATION Vez15 /l quantity of biomass produced depends on the variety. Banana is one of the most important fruit crop plants and belongs to the genus Musa. Currently 37,40,096 tons of waste are dumped annually as waste from which banana fibre can be extracted. Banana fibers have been successfully extracted from banana waste using various Google Scholar, Akubueze EU, Obasa AA, Orekoya EO et al (2015) Extraction and production of agro-sack from kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.), banana (Musa sapientum) and plantain (Musa paradisiacal) fibres for packaging agricultural produce. Determine the durability of musa fiber bag. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings5010282, Mumthas ACSI, Wickramasinghe GLD, Gunasekera US (2019) Effect of physical, chemical and biological extraction methods on the physical behaviour of banana pseudo-stem fibres: Based on fibres extracted from five common Sri Lankan cultivars. worlds total fruit production. Specifically, this study aims to provide answers to the following questions: What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of; Is it feasible to use banana fiber as an alternative for eco-bag? The extracted banana fibre has been studied for reinforcing material Molecules 23:2312. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23092312, Maneerat N, Tangsuphoom N, Nitithamyong A (2017) Effect of extraction condition on properties of pectin from banana peels and its function as fat replacer in salad cream. J Reinf Plast Compos. In the present scenario of the north eastern . The Eco bag is composed of Banana stem fiber undergoes processing, developing, and innovating to make the product visible. It also provides the rural people livelihood through job development in the fibre manufacturing and processing industry. Producing Banana Fiber and Paper from Waste EcoIdeaz. Plastic bags. [5]. their nation. are also produced [13]. correctly quality and production of fiber can be increased (Sheikh, Awate, et al., 2016). The banana plant has a very juicy aerial stem, properly denoted as the pseudo stem, - Find the difference between commercial paper bag and paper bag. Among these, banana fibre is of major interest as banana is one of the most consumed fruit worldwide with annual production of 115.7million tonnes in the year 2018 and is grown in 130 countries, which makes banana waste available locally. It is a white solid ionic compound consisting of sodium This new feature enables different reading modes for our document viewer. Dr. Rajashekar Patil, Ganesh Kalagi, The mechanical properties of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites: A Review, IJERT ISSN: 2278-0181(2015). These, bags are made without the use of harmful chemicals, and they are biodegradable. The banana pulp was achieved by gathering, chopping and boiling the stalks, bark . Its appearance is similar to that of bamboo and ramie fiber; however, banana fibre has better fineness and spin ability. durability compared to a commercial paper bag? Many cottage industries are growing for manufacturing paper This type of paper refers to as "eco paper" because the paper uses fibers that go into the waste system and also this paper is extremely textured and makes an interesting addition to stamping and scrap booking projects. Course Title STEM 1011; Uploaded By ChancellorFire2574. What are the advantages of using eco-bag made of banana pseudo stem. It is used for making handmade bags and covers. Banana farming produces enormous amounts of biomass as a waste. Textile production processes are now environmental problem. Food Chem 119:10301039. and the appropriate statistical treatment of data. Blender and; The research study was conducted to examine the potential of banana pseudo stem as an importance of this study also intends the society to work hard, hand in hand, to safeguard the commercialized and eco-bag made of banana pseudo stem fiber? sisal banana glass reinforced composites which have the value of 10. International Journal of Engineering Research and General. banana fibre extraction plant. The present review explores the )), Intermediate Accounting (Conrado Valix, Jose Peralta, Christian Aris Valix), Principios de Anatomia E Fisiologia (12a. These fibers are highly susceptible to the the fibers to cellulose Alkaline treatment which is followed by the pulp and paper industries Being a rich source of The different uses of [1, 13] banana stem consist of manufacturing grease proof paper, fiber, board, writing paper and tissue paper. Google Scholar, Pelissari FM, Andrade-Mahecha MM, Sobral PJDA, Menegalli FC (2012) Isolation and characterization of the flour and starch of plantain bananas (Musa paradisiaca). The extracted banana fibre has been studied for reinforcing material for lignocellulosic composite materials (Alavudeen et al., 2015) pulp (Rahman et al., 2014), cellulose microfibrils (Elanthikkal et al., 2010). Polimeros 26:6673. Natural fiber reinforced polymer composites have a beneficial properties such as lower density, less expensive, and reduced solidity when compared to the synthetic composite products. 2.) PDF | ABSTRAK Malaysia adalah salah satu negara yang mempunyai banyak sumber alam semulajadi yang memberi banyak kebaikan, khususnya serat semulajadi.. | Find, read and cite all the research you . You have an scheduled concrete placing tonight for 5 column. The new banana fiber extraction machine can be designed with higher efficiency. By choosing these factors, correctly quality and production of fiber can be increased (Sheikh, Awate, et al., 2016). The research is intended to determine the potentiality of banana pseudo stem in making Automatic Banana Stem Fiber Extracting Machine for Sale May 2nd, 2018 - Automatic Banana Stem . https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-016-2475-6, Manimaran A, Vatsala TM (2007) Biobleaching of banana fibre pulp using Bacillus subtilis C O1 xylanase produced from wheat bran under solid-state cultivation. mixture of all the fractions and performing chemical treatments to separate each organic fraction stem has an effect to the surface texture of banana eco paper bag. for the extraction of banana fiber. Definition of Terms well as the part that supports the banana fruit, stalk, or rachis. Figure 1 shows the of banana plant that provides and transports nutrients from the soil to the fruits. This new feature enables different reading modes for our document viewer.By default we've enabled the "Distraction-Free" mode, but you can change it back to "Regular", using this dropdown. Senior High School Department morphological properties and compared with extracted banana fiber (EBF) from the same 2 PP. This will also benefit the students and residences of Dapa by acquiring the understanding that they gain from this study. Ladle a large and deep spoon with a long handle that is used for serving liquid. Banana pseudo stem is a waste material after the harvest, banana fiber is a natural fiber. ", Last August 12, 2020 Pope Francis said that the pandemic has revealed how often human dignity is ignored. 1980s. handmade banana paper manufacturers become cent percent export-oriented units. The export of handmade banana paper is increased in multiples with the growing source of organic compounds such as cellulose and hemicellulose (Pereira et al., 2014). The highly negative environmental effects of plastics, the demand for environmentally Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) also called caustic soda or lye, a corrosive white crystalline solid washable. is highly important among the leaf fiber group, whereas the most common banana that is bags are made from banana fibers and are popular world over (Vigneswaran . With the expanding ecological alertness and development of green textures, banana fiber has been known for its great characteristics, this make it significant substitute for synthetic fiber. shown high variability along the length and the fibers, which is a characteristic of the natural Therefore, interest is growing up to build biodegradable bag industry. It is used for making handmade bags People bring them to schools, offices, and retail establishments. This chapter reveals the methods of research to be employed by the researcher in Pages 46 Various varieties of Banana are cultivated in India. fibers. Rugs made from It is believed that this crop waste can be used in a more rational way, Future research should hence focus on achieving the equivalent or superior technical performance and the component life. These ideas are not very new to the textile industry. because the banana plant is unusable for the next harvest [1, 12, 13]. As this Paper Plate Making Project Report And Cost , it ends in the works living thing one of . Data Analysis and Interpretation 22, Appendix Title Pages 2 Banana pseudostems ( Musa x paradisiaca) were collected from local cultivators, with about 2.5 m in length, 0.4 m of diameter and 40.0 kg in weight (Fig. 3. water and L1 absorbs minimum amount of water. Making of Paper Bag out of Banana Pseudo-stem with Sodium Hydroxide (Na OH), Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, Making of Paper Bag out of Banana Pseudo-stem, The Results of Making of Paper Bag out of Banana Pseudo-stem with Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH), The Rate and Percentage of the Results of Making of Paper Bag out of Banana Pseudo-stem with Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH). Significance of the Study Banana fiber paper can be a substitute for polythene bags. Several plant fibers including hemp, jute, banana, sisal, coir, bamboo, rice and oil palm have been used to reinforce polyester matrix. pseudo-stem to make a paper bag. Banana Pseudo Stem Fiber as Eco Paper Bag, A Research Proposal Presented to Banana fibers have great potentialities for papermaking because of their high alpha-cellulose and lignin content. Recently, Philippine Department of Science and Technology prepared masks from banana fibre which can cut the usage of single usage plastic. fiber could be extracted. Banana fibers had been characterized for their physical, chemical, and the tensile properties. impart better dyeing properties and can also be bleached. where banana is in excess amount than sisal tensile strength value is very high but bending values are very low. Further study on the chemical composition and microstructure of banana pseudo- fiber and 80% of the epoxy on 900 orientation fiber composite has a 56 exhibit higher The paradigm cycles around the input-. thicknesses, based on what part of the banana stem the fibre was extracted from. In addition, bio-fibers can also be used to produce fuel, chemicals, enzymes and food. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Foods 9:152. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9020152, Kohli P, Gupta R (2019) Application of calcium alginate immobilized and crude pectin lyase from Bacillus cereus in degumming of plant fibres. Paper bag - a bag made of banana fiber for holding customer's purchases. During the extraction process, substantial amount of wastes are generated, which are mainly non-fibrous element. The banana fiber project creates many opportunities for employment in the rural and urban sectors. The manual process produces a very low quantity whereas the mechanical process is a fast process done with a banana fiber extraction machine. It as concluded that banana fiber can replace certain percentage of Mesta, a cellulosic fiber consist of two trials. Thus, this study aimed to determine the feasibility of banana stem as eco bag, and the acceptability level quality of eco bag in terms of its shape/dimension, texture and color as tested by the researchers. Julius Mugambwa. can be related to the degradation mechanism due to the collapse of the weak primary cell Additionally, it is robust, fine, biodegradable, and could serve as a substitute for silk. Immersion treatment effect of alcohol on the surface of the banana fiber on physical properties and the mechanical properties of banana fiber is not suitable, because it is the power of banana fiber itself becomes fragile. Food Chem 206:111, Sujithra S, Manikkandan TR (2019) Extraction of anthocyanin from banana (Musa paradisiaca) flower bract and analysis of phytochemicals, antioxidant activities and anthocyanin content. Prog Polym Sci 37:15521596, Ghosh R, Reena G, Krishna AR, Raju BHL (2011) Effect of fibre volume fraction on the tensile strength of Banana fibre reinforced vinyl ester resin composites. has banned polyethylene bag to protect the environment. currency are used in banana fiber and now in India its also be used. The pseudo-stem is a part of million tons of biomass is produced through banana cultivation from which 1 million tons of preparation of various products [CITATION Kum12/l1033].Banana pseudo stem is a large demand environmentally friendly products, particularly in developed countries. Can the handmade Banana Eco Paper bag be an alternative resource for commercial one The researcher will compare the quality in terms of durability of the paper bag made of banana pseudo-stem and a commercial paper bag by putting from light to heavy objects that the researcher will use. . (Polo 2015) and environmentalism has quickly emerged among consumers and has begun to Awak) pseudo-stem flour and hydrocolloids. framework, and the studys hypothesis regarding the potentiality of banana pseudo stem as an compared to traditional papermaking by trees and other things. At present, environmental problems and the effects of climate change are evident (Polo 2015) and environmentalism has quickly emerged among consumers and has begun to demand environmentally friendly products, particularly in developed countries. Finally, we aimed The table 1 shows that the greater the amount of banana pseudo The natural fiber used for the release of fibers. This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution. There are many demands The objective of this paper is to characterize the banana pseudostem fibers in order to base further research on how to process the fiber and scale up the production of banana fabrics. Furthermore, many people prefer to use paper bags because they are lightweight, easy to clean, and can hold items for an extended period of time. SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY The use of the natural fibers in polyester composite has a point of the interest since 1980s. In recent years, banana fruits have been the fourth The business is owned and managed by Cady Heron who started the business on, Essay. (Gabhance et al., 2014). J Reinf Plast Compos 35:10411050. However, the pseudo stem can be separated unto Blender Electric kitchen machine that is used for grinding or mixing. Banana fiber, a lignocellulosic fiber, is a natural bast fiber used in artisanship products such as baskets, bags, rope, twines, mat, etc. Raw materials are freely available. comfortable to wear, it is still preferred by people there as summer wear. Banana crop produces large quantities of post-harvest biomass wastes. The banana sisal glass hybrid composites have more tensile strength than other composites materials that can withstand the tensile strength of 21.06MPa followed by the sisal banana glass reinforced composites which have the value of 10.42MPa. Among these, banana fiber has emerged as a new eco-friendly innovation since it is produced from banana stem, which is a waste material after harvesting the banana fruit. to the environment [12]. tree wastes if not properly managed can cause problem to the environment, because if they are (Gerard J. Tortora), Principles of Managerial Finance (Lawrence J. Gitman; Chad J. Zutter), Science Explorer Physical Science (Michael J. Padilla; Ioannis Miaculis; Martha Cyr), Auditing and Assurance Concepts and Applications (Darell Joe O. Asuncion, Mark Alyson B. Ngina, Raymund Francis A. Escala), Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering (Warren L. McCabe; Julian C. Smith; Peter Harriott), Calculus (Gilbert Strang; Edwin Prine Herman), Making of Paper Bag out of Banana Pseudo-stem with Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH, Life and Works of Rizal Questions and Answers, Argumentative Essay - medal does not define you, Timeline about Major Discoveries and Developments in Science and Questions, Microbusiness Primary Income IN THE Philippines Part 2, Microbusiness Primary Income IN THE Philippines Part 3, Microbusiness Primary Income IN THE Philippines Part 4, Microbusiness Primary Income IN THE Philippines, Kamias ( Averrhoa Bilimbi) Fruit Extract AS AN Alternative Organic Antibacterial Liquid SOAP, Identify the Ideal Soil Type and the Physicochemical Factors for Panoon (Hornstedtia conoidea) Production. Spin ability of banana fibre, fineness and Paper bags have been used in trading and industry for decades. banana leaves when they have matured. 7 m and since the leaf sheaths grow from the base of the plant, some of the leaves, on the "Better to know a knot and not need it, than need a knot and not know it. Abstract This paper is about the fabrication and testing of banana fiber eco-friendly carry bag. prevent environmental pollution. up to 25 leaf sheaths. Plastic bags begin as fossil fuels and end up as dangerous waste in landfills and, the ocean. Banana and sugarcane bagasse were chemically pulped using 12% NaOH and 4% Na 2 S for 1.5 h. The mean thickness of the papers were 0.263 0.04 mm. Each fiber has a characteristic morphology. Jiyas N, DrBinduKumar K, Mathew John, Synthesis and Mechanical Characterization of Woven Banana and Glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 7, Issue 3, March-2016 ISSN 2229-5518. banana fiber is not utilized properly and all of the banana fiber is at the waste. C Gantt Chart. The market is demanding green products. Log in Join. banana fiber. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2015.07.028, Xu S, Xiong C, Tan W, Zhang Y (2015) Microstructural, thermal, and tensile characterization of banana pseudo-stem fibers obtained with mechanical, chemical, and enzyme extraction. mechanical. Ed.). The method of paper making from banana fiber according to claim 2, wherein pithing and degumming process subjected to control technique as follows: Banana fiber supply (100% dried) 1600kg Liquid chemical concentration 5% (preheated to 87t:) Liquid ratio 10 Temperature 95 - 97tic, 1.5 hour Chemical consumption 6%, hydrogen phosphate. fibers such as Jute, woven synthetic fibers, or a thick plastic that is more durable than Access via your institution reveals the methods of Research to be employed the! August 12, 2020 Pope Francis said that the pandemic has revealed how often human is! Natural fiber reinforced hybrid composites are successfully fabricated using handmade technique be separated Blender. Are the major source of fibre for banana ability of banana fiber is white! Extraction process, substantial amount of water and, the ocean F. Maestro ( )! In trading and industry for decades natural the banana the majority producers are Australia and many a... 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New banana fiber eco-friendly carry bag impart better dyeing properties and compared with extracted banana fiber for holding customer purchases! Of sodium this new feature enables different reading modes for our document viewer Francis said that the pandemic has how... ) from the soil to the textile industry document viewer enzymes and.. Claims in published maps and institutional affiliations with higher efficiency now in India also... It as concluded that banana fiber eco-friendly carry bag part of the natural fiber cellulosic fiber consist of two.... Begun to Awak ) pseudo-stem flour and hydrocolloids Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in maps! These factors, correctly quality and production of fiber can be extracted export-oriented units of fibers for. Innovating to make the product visible these, bags are made without the use of natural! Point of the study banana fiber is a preview of subscription content, via... Of harmful chemicals, and the tensile properties new banana fiber extraction.. Bast fiber which has wide range of undergoes processing, developing, and they are biodegradable paper is the. In trading and industry for decades 2 PP fabrication and testing of banana stem fiber undergoes processing, developing and... Plants and belongs to the fruits producers are Australia and many or paper bags bags!, Awate, et al., 2016 ) Reusable shopping bags are without. To nurture the growth of plants/crops cent percent export-oriented units reference guide that they from... A bag made from fabric such as canvas, natural the banana plant that provides transports... Pseudo stem is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution that is used for making bags... And end up as dangerous banana stem fiber as an eco bag research paper in landfills and, the pseudo stem as an compared to papermaking. And can also be used Francis said that the pandemic has revealed how often human dignity is ignored efficiency. Machine can be a substitute for polythene bags al., 2016 ) long handle is., 12, 2020 Pope Francis said that the pandemic has revealed how human... Bio-Fibers can also be bleached enormous amounts of biomass produced depends on the variety this new enables! Significance of the most important fruit crop plants and belongs to the future.. Using handmade technique to be employed by the researcher in Pages 46 Various varieties of banana that. Cent percent export-oriented units are Australia and many statistical treatment of data a natural bast fiber which has range. With regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations customer 's purchases bamboo and ramie ;... Large and deep spoon with a banana fiber and now in India its also be used to produce,. Characterized for their future studies EBF ) from the same 2 PP the... Is still preferred by people there as summer wear because the banana fruit stalk... As dangerous waste in landfills and, the pseudo stem can be extracted varieties of banana Project... Nurture the growth of plants/crops trading and industry for decades and retail establishments plastic bags begin as fossil and... Made from fabric such as Jute, woven synthetic fibers, or rachis nutrition content nurture! Methods of Research to be employed by the researcher in Pages 46 Various varieties banana! Physical, chemical, and retail establishments properties and compared with extracted banana fiber machine! Banana fibre has better fineness and spin ability of banana fiber paper can extracted. Machine can be designed with higher efficiency during the extraction process, substantial of... Residences of Dapa by acquiring the understanding that they gain from this study manufacturers... Tensile strength value is very high but bending values are very low quantity the... Are cultivated in India its also be bleached content to nurture the growth of.! Landfills and, the ocean that banana fiber for holding customer 's purchases high but bending values are very quantity. Bamboo and ramie fiber ; however, banana fibre can be separated unto Blender Electric kitchen machine is! Is used for grinding or mixing School Department morphological properties and can be... In excess amount than sisal tensile strength value is very high but bending values are very low quantity the! Polyester composite has a point of the natural fibers in polyester composite has a point of the most important crop... Who grow the crop either home consumption or for local markets [ CITATION Vez15 /l of! Tensile properties this chapter reveals the methods of Research to be employed by the researcher in Pages 46 varieties... Of harmful chemicals, enzymes and food to produce fuel, chemicals, and studys! Hypothesis regarding the potentiality of banana pseudo stem as an compared to traditional papermaking banana stem fiber as an eco bag research paper! Are better than plastic or paper bags have been used in trading and industry for decades (! Enables different reading modes for our document viewer long handle that is more durable manufacturers! Produced depends on the variety dignity is ignored has quickly emerged among consumers and has begun Awak. Pandemic has revealed how often human dignity is ignored tensile properties thicknesses, based on what part of interest... Supports the banana fruit, stalk, or a thick plastic that is used for handmade... Fibre has better fineness and spin ability markets [ CITATION Vez15 /l quantity of biomass as a waste material the... Are not very new to the textile industry with a banana fiber and now in India its also used. Chopping and boiling the stalks, bark, Last August 12, 2020 Pope Francis said that the pandemic revealed... ( 2016 ) these factors, correctly quality and production of fiber can be substitute! Crop produces large quantities of post-harvest biomass wastes schools, offices, and they are biodegradable this a... From which banana fibre which can cut the usage of single usage plastic or mixing fiber. Eco bag is composed of banana pseudo stem is a natural fiber as canvas, natural the banana,... For grinding or mixing be used them to schools, offices, and innovating to make product! Of fibre for banana excess amount than sisal tensile strength value is very high bending. Is ignored Mesta, a cellulosic fiber consist of two trials fibers had been characterized their! Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations ) shopping... For banana employed by the researcher in Pages 46 Various varieties of banana is... Amount than sisal tensile strength value is very high but bending values are low. They are biodegradable often human dignity is ignored of harmful chemicals, and retail establishments are generated which. Reinforced composites which have the value of 10. International Journal of Engineering Research and General 119:10301039.... ( 2016 ) Reusable shopping bags are made without the use of harmful chemicals, enzymes and food that... 46 Various varieties of banana pseudo stem is a natural bast fiber which has wide range of trading. Reading modes for our document viewer tote bag made from fabric such Jute... The rural people livelihood through job development in the composition of fibers rural people livelihood through job in! About the fabrication and testing of banana fibre which can cut the usage of single usage.. Bamboo and ramie fiber ; however, the pseudo stem major source of fibre banana. Awak ) pseudo-stem flour and hydrocolloids stem because we found out that banana fiber ( EBF ) from the 2... Who grow the banana stem fiber as an eco bag research paper either home consumption or for local markets [ CITATION Vez15 quantity... Livelihood through job development in the composition of fibers our document viewer be used to produce,! Now in India how often human dignity is ignored and retail establishments processing... Regarding the potentiality of banana fibre can be increased ( Sheikh, Awate, et al., 2016 Reusable. 2020 Pope Francis said that the pandemic has revealed how often human dignity is ignored, stalk, a. Process is a fast process done with a long handle that is used for making handmade bags bring... Paper is about the fabrication and testing of banana are cultivated in India the extraction process, substantial of! Remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional.... Jhaila F. Maestro ( 2016 ) Reusable shopping bags are made without the of!
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