albert speer brother stalingrad

House Albert Speer (4) Location: Take the road in front of the Gutshof back uphill to the Berghof. [95], Losses of territory and a dramatic expansion of the Allied strategic bombing campaign caused the collapse of the German economy from late 1944. [14] The couple would have six children together, but Albert Speer grew increasingly distant from his family after 1933. Speer's Heidelberg school offered rugby football, unusual for Germany, skiing, and Speer was a participant. [96] In January 1945, Speer told Goebbels that armaments production could be sustained for at least a year. [15] Instead, he revised his Spandau writings into two autobiographical books, Inside the Third Reich (in German, Erinnerungen, or Reminiscences[140]) and Spandau: The Secret Diaries. The family learned of this through some letters Ernst sent. Das Cytoskelett; Vergleich Pflanzenzelle - Tierzelle: Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten; Vergleich der Eigenschaften von prokaryotischen und eukaryotischen Zellen Once Speer became aware of the existence of the fund, he sent detailed instructions about what to do with the money. Despite his opposition to the 20 July plot, he falsely claimed in his memoirs to have been sympathetic to the plotters. [176] Speer is mentioned several times in the speech, and Himmler addresses him directly. Having served his full term, Speer was released in 1966. Two senior servants of the Third Reich, Albert Speer, Hitler's Armaments Minister, and Baldur von Schirach, former leader of the Hitler Youth and Gauleiter of Vienna, were released at midnight. It began in 1932 but had not supplied any weaponry. [100] Speer gained control over the railways in February, and asked Heinrich Himmler to supply concentration camp prisoners to work on their repair. Martin Kitchen, a British historian, says that the choice was not surprising. Speer states he became hopeful when Hitler explained how communism could be checked and Germany could recover economically. by. Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer (/ p r /; German: [pe] (); 19 March 1905 - 1 September 1981) was a German architect who served as the Minister of Armaments and War Production in Nazi Germany during most of World War II.A close ally of Adolf Hitler, he was convicted at the Nuremberg trials and sentenced to 20 years in prison.. An architect by training, Speer joined the . Germany's armaments production had already begun to result in increases under his predecessor, Todt. "[118], Speer was credited with an "armaments miracle". [98] Nevertheless, Speer believed that Germany should continue the war for as long as possible with the goal of winning better conditions from the Allies than the unconditional surrender they insisted upon. Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer, commonly known as Albert Speer (March 19, 1905 - September 1, 1981), was an architect, author and high-ranking Nazi German government official, sometimes called "the first architect of the Third Reich ." BERLIN When Hilde Schramm inherited several paintings collected by her father, Hitler's chief architect and Armaments Minister Albert Speer, she was only sure of one thing: she did not want. [155] In addition to the myth that he was an apolitical technocrat, he claimed he did not have full knowledge of the Holocaust or the persecution of the Jews. [163] By 1999, historians had amply demonstrated that Speer had lied extensively. Included in the building works was material to build gas chambers, crematoria and morgues. FC Bayern Munich opens a new sports complex with a youth academy planned by AS+P. [39], Plans to build a new Reich chancellery had been underway since 1934. Unsubstantiated rumors have claimed that the remains were used for other building projects such as the Humboldt University, Mohrenstrae metro station and Soviet war memorials in Berlin. These factories were death-traps; discipline was brutal, with regular executions. The SS called this "Professor Speer's Special Programme". Albert Speer (1905-1981) was a trained architect. [149] In the same year, he appeared on the television programme The World at War. For the television film based on the book, see, :55,71,7879,83,105,115116,138,188,651,674,696, Sarah Word from the British film magazine ", Reich Ministry of Armaments and War Production, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Inside_the_Third_Reich&oldid=1132240858, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2022, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 7 January 2023, at 23:15. [5], Another kind of criticism is the claim that Speer pretended that he was unaware of the extermination camps and presented the figure of a "good Nazi". Through his autobiographies and interviews, Speer carefully constructed an image of himself as a man who deeply regretted having failed to discover the monstrous crimes of the Third Reich. "[3], On the other hand, in a 1973 Bryn Mawr College review, Barbara Miller Lane wrote, "Scholars have observed so many gaps in his account of the operation of his ministry as to shed considerable doubt on the whole. Albert Speer was a German architect who is known in the history as 'the man who built Nazi Germany' and also 'the Nazi who said sorry' for accepting moral responsibility of the atrocities his Nazi party committed. After his release on 1 October 1966, he used Federal Archive documents to rework the material into his autobiography. In June 1936 he charged a personal honorarium of 30,000 Reichsmark and estimated the chancellery would be completed within three to four years. [5] Wolters and longtime Speer secretary Annemarie Kempf, while not permitted direct communication with Speer in Spandau, did what they could to help his family and carry out the requests Speer put in letters to his wifethe only written communication he was officially allowed. Schmidt authored the first book that was highly critical of Speer. by Durand 27 Jul 2005, 14:18, Post [90] By this time, 140,000 people were working in Speer's underground factories. Speer's joint undertaking with the SS leadership resulted in the creation of Mittelwerk (Central Works) for underground production of the V-2. He admitted only to being uncomfortable around Jews in the published version of the Spandau Diaries. First published in 1969, it appeared in English translation in 1970. Entrance to Spandau Prison, 1951. Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer (/pr/; German: [pe] (listen); 19 March 1905 1 September 1981) was a German architect who served as the Minister of Armaments and War Production in Nazi Germany during most of World War II. a nemzeti szocialista Nmet Birodalom fptsze, fegyverkezsi minisztere, a haditermels irnytja.. A hbor befejezse utn Nrnbergben egyetlen volt a brsg el lltott szemlyek kzl, aki elismerte felelssgt a msodik vilghbors esemnyekrt, hsz . [146] So great was the need to believe this "Speer Myth" that Fest and Siedler were able to strengthen iteven in the face of mounting historical evidence to the contrary. Although survivor Francisco Boix testified at the Nuremberg trials about Speer's visit,[172] Taylor writes that, had the photo been available, he would have been hanged. [1]:314320, Speer describes Wunderwaffen such as the Me 262 project, flying wing jet planes, a remote-controlled flying bomb, a rocket plane, a rocket missile based on infrared homing, designs for a four-motored jet bomber with the range to strike New York, and a torpedo based on sonar. Sereny gained respect for his sincerity in his personal "battle with truth.". Speer first heard Adolf Hitler speak during an address to the combined students and faculty of Berlin University and his institute. Speer's father ran one of the more prosperous architecture firms in the area. I myself must carry this out. Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer (German: [pe] ( listen); March 19, 1905 - September 1, 1981) was a German architect who was, for a part of World War II, Minister of Armaments and War Production for the Third Reich. [143] David Irving discovered discrepancies between the deceptively edited Chronicle and independent documents. [107] Speer visited the Fhrerbunker on 22 April for the last time. [158] Speer, Siedler and Fest had constructed a masterpiece; the image of the "good Nazi" remained in place for decades, despite historical evidence indicating that it was false. The public was fascinated by an inside view of the Third Reich and a major war criminal became a popular figure almost overnight. [28], One of Speer's first commissions after Troost's death was the Zeppelinfeld stadium in Nuremberg. However, his other brother Ernst had died in the Battle of Stalingrad, despite repeated requests from his parents for Speer to repatriate him. [86] On 1 August 1944, Speer merged the Fighter Staff into a newly formed Armament Staff committee. [114], The chief United States prosecutor, Robert H. Jackson, of the U.S. Supreme Court said, "Speer joined in planning and executing the program to dragoon prisoners of war and foreign workers into German war industries, which waxed in output while the workers waned in starvation. [38] The outbreak of World War II in 1939 led to the postponement, and later the abandonment, of these plans. In his writings, Speer claimed to have finished five thousand books while in prison. This led to a significant German Army failure at the Battle of Prokhorovka, a major turning point on the Eastern Front against the Soviet Red Army. Speer was loyal to Hitler, and his experience building prisoner of war camps and other structures for the military qualified him for the job. Speer states that even if Germany concentrated all of its resources, it would have been 1947 before they could have had an atom bomb. Detailed plans were completed in July 1937 and the first shell of the new chancellery was complete on 1 January 1938. [73] Sauckel obtained new workers often using the most brutal methods. Speer was born in Mannheim, into an upper-middle-class family. A close ally of Adolf Hitler, he was convicted at the Nuremberg trials and sentenced to 20 years in prison. He was found guilty of war crimes and crimes against humanity, principally for the use of slave labor, narrowly avoiding a death sentence. like so many other Germans his body was never found or returned to . He has risen to the top of the . [70], Speer realized that with six million workers drafted into the armed forces, there was a labor shortage in the war economy, and not enough workers for his factories. I was searching for information about Ernst (?) [181] The tribune of the Zeppelinfeld stadium in Nuremberg, though partly demolished, can also be seen. Speer, Albert (1905-81). The book was a worn, thick burgundy paperback, spine splintered in three parts, tiny print . [124], The prisoners were forbidden to write memoirs. [52] Speer's building work made him among the wealthiest of the Nazi elite. [136] Speer served a full term and was released at midnight on 1 October 1966. All of the Germanic peoples will be included in it. [120], On 18 July 1947, Speer was transferred to Spandau Prison in Berlin to serve his prison term. Despite this opposition, the two married in Berlin on 28 August 1928; seven years elapsed before Margarete was invited to stay at her in-laws' home. Speer was appalled by this order, and persuaded several key military and political leaders to ignore it. From 1946 to 1966, while serving the sentence in Spandau Prison, he penned more than 2,000 manuscript pages of personal memoirs. sort by. [19] This work won Speer his first national post, as Nazi Party "Commissioner for the Artistic and Technical Presentation of Party Rallies and Demonstrations". The designs were rushed into production, and the completed submarines were crippled by flaws which resulted from the way they had been constructed. Another myth posits that Speer revolutionized the German war machine after his appointment as Minister of Armaments. [109] Speer was disappointed that Hitler had not selected him as his successor. Speer asked Wolters to destroy the material he had omitted from his donation but Wolters refused and retained an original copy. [66], As Minister of Armaments, Speer was responsible for supplying weapons to the army. [176] In 2007, The Guardian reported that a letter from Speer dated 23 December 1971, had been found in a collection of his correspondence with Hlne Jeanty, the widow of a Belgian resistance fighter. In 1942, he was named Minister of Armaments and Munitions, assuming significant responsibility for the German war economy. Speer with his children Albert and Hilde, front, and Margret, Arnold and Fritz, back. She married Prince Albert who was her cousin. [1]:488498,569, Speer's involvement with concentration camp prisoners as a work force came about when Hitler agreed to Himmler's proposal they be used for the secret V-2 project. In the aftermath of the Night of the Long Knives, he had been commissioned to renovate the Borsig Palace on the corner of Vostrae and Wilhelmstrae as headquarters of the Sturmabteilung (SA). [162], After Speer's death, Matthias Schmidt published a book that demonstrated that Speer had ordered the eviction of Jews from their Berlin homes. Inside the Third Reich. Concerned about retaining power, he did not appoint a deputy and continued to direct work of the Armaments Ministry from his bedside. He was aided editorially by Wolf Jobst Siedler, Ullstein and Propylaen, and Joachim Fest. Speer (Albert Speer's brother) and his life. Speer II is more than an urban planner. He was more forthright in an interview with William Hamsher in which he said he joined the party in order to save "Germany from Communism". It will begin in Norway and extend to northern Italy. The myth began to fall apart in the 1980s, when the armaments miracle was attributed to Nazi propaganda. [1] In 1944, Speer established a task force to increase production of fighter aircraft. like so many other Germans his Then it was too late; Germany had been destroyed. I thought he was to be relieved quite early from the Kessel, from influence of Albert Speer. Profile manager: Gordon Becker [ send private message ] For propaganda Hitler claimed during the topping-out ceremony on 2 August 1938, that he had ordered Speer to complete the new chancellery that year. [177], The armaments "miracle" was a myth; Speer had used statistical manipulation to support his claims. Hitler appointed Speer, whose work for Goebbels had impressed him, to manage the building site for Troost. On 31 January 1931, he also joined the Motor Unit of the SA being a member until autumn 1932. - London, 1. rujna 1981.) [54], In 1941, Speer was elected to the Reichstag from electoral constituency 2 (Berlin-West). [152], After his release from Spandau, Speer portrayed himself as the "good Nazi". [55] On 8 February 1942, Reich Minister of Armaments and Munitions Fritz Todt died in a plane crash shortly after taking off from Hitler's eastern headquarters at Rastenburg. Of the 60,000 people who ended up at the camp 20,000 died, due to the appalling conditions. [31] Speer designed the German Pavilion for the 1937 international exposition in Paris. [99][169], Speer maintained at the Nuremberg trials and in his memoirs that he had no direct knowledge of the Holocaust. For other uses, see, Party architect and government functionary, Berlin's General Building Inspector (19371942). [43] The Schutzstaffel (SS) built two concentration camps in 1938 and used the inmates to quarry stone for its construction. [63] Other factors probably contributed to the increase more than Speer himself. Madonna Speaks Out Following Brother Anthony Ciccone's Death Thanking Him for His 'Important . [3] Henry T. King, deputy prosecutor at the Nuremberg trials who later wrote a book about Speer said, "Love and warmth were lacking in the household of Speer's youth. On 20 July 1942, Speer was enrolled by order of Heinrich Himmler as a SS Man/member of. [123] Wolters raised a total of DM158,000 for Speer over the final seventeen years of his sentence. This article is about the book. "[16] The historian Magnus Brechtken, discussing Speer, said he did not give anti-Jewish public speeches and that his anti-Semitism can best be understood through his actionswhich were anti-Semitic. [26], Speer also sought to portray himself as an opponent of Hitler's leadership. Hello. After August 1944, oil from the Romanian fields was no longer available. Speer was formally arrested on May 23rd. He also cites the use of the V-2 as a terror weapon, rather than continued development of the ground-to-air defensive Waterfall rocket. When asked by his Allied captors in 1945 to what extent German military strategy had been influenced by economic considerations, Albert Speer, Hitler's armaments minister, replied that in the case of OperationBarbarossathe need for oil was certainly a prime motive. Indeed, even during initial discussions of his plan to invade the Soviet Union, Hitler had stressed the absolute necessity of . Hitler commissioned him to design and construct structures including the Reich Chancellery and the Nazi party rally grounds in Nuremberg. His father, the son and grandson of architects, had joined the Nazi party in 1931 and soon . Speer's mother asked Albert to do something to get Ernst out. Inside the Third Reich (German: Erinnerungen, "Memories") is a memoir written by Albert Speer, the Nazi Minister of Armaments from 1942 to 1945, serving as Adolf Hitler's main architect before this period. Those who feigned illness, slacked off, sabotaged production or tried to escape were denied food or sent to concentration camps. Trevor-Roper frequently refers to Speer as "a technocrat [who] nourished a technocrat's philosophy", one who cared only for his building projects or his ministerial duties, and who thought that politics was irrelevant, at least until Hitler's Nero Decree which Speer, according to his own telling, worked assiduously to counter. [23][24], In the English version of his memoirs, Speer says that his political commitment merely consisted of paying his "monthly dues". It was only on the urgent advice of his publisher that he added a mention of seeing the ruins of the Central Synagogue in Berlin from his car. First Architect of the Third Reich. [64] Another factor that produced the boom in ammunition was the policy of allocating more coal to the steel industry. In consequence, despite tank production having the highest priority, relatively little of the armaments budget was spent on it. By July 1943 Speer's armaments propaganda became irrelevant because a catalogue of dramatic defeats on the battlefield meant the prospect of losing the war could no longer be hidden from the German public. [52] Construction stopped on the Berlin and Nremberg plans at the outbreak of war. It's the end of an era: The company's founder Professor Albert Speer passes away in September aged 83. On 23 May, two weeks after the surrender of German forces, British troops arrested the members of the Flensburg Government and brought Nazi Germany to a formal end. He lost yet more authority. Speer studied at the technical schools in Karlsruhe, Munich, and Berlin, and acquired an architectural license in 1927. Albert Speer was the Nazi Party's chief architect, a close confidant of Adolf Hitler and the brains behind the Nazi military production machine. [29] Speer insisted that as many events as possible be held at night, both to give greater prominence to his lighting effects and to hide the overweight Nazis. [55] At the same time, Hitler also appointed Speer as head of the Organisation Todt, a massive, government-controlled construction company. by punktlich02 29 Oct 2009, 11:35, Return to The Dieter Zinke Axis Biographical Research Section. Startseite; Cytologie. [15], In January 1931, Speer applied for Nazi Party membership, and on 1 March 1931, he became member number 474,481. [117], Speer was found guilty of war crimes and crimes against humanity, principally for the use of slave labor and forced labor. In February 1942, Speer was appointed as Reich Minister of Armaments and War Production. He was able to curtail the discussion that the war should be ended. For the record, Ernst Speer is discussed at p. 336 in Beevor's "Stalingrad" (Penguin 2007), The Dieter Zinke Axis Biographical Research Section, Life in the Third Reich & Weimar Republic, Kriegsmarine surface ships and Kriegsmarine in general, Luftwaffe air units and Luftwaffe in general, German Strategy & General German Military Discussion, NSDAP, other party organizations & Government, The Dieter Zinke Axis Biographical Research Section, The Ron Klages Panzer & other vehicles Section, Panzer & other vehicles - Photo threads, Axis Documents, Feldpost numbers, Postcards & Other Paper Items, The United Kingdom & its Empire and Commonwealth 1919-45, The Allies and the Neutral States in general, German Colonies and Overseas Expeditions, The end of the Ottoman Empire 1908-1923, Translation help: Breaking the Sound Barrier. Stalingrad was a classic example where he refused to provide the equipment necessary to supply his army on the Eastern front during the terrible winter of 1941. [148] In October 1973, he made his first trip to Britain, flying to London to be interviewed on the BBC Midweek programme. The second season of the PBS series looks at Hitler's planning and the battle that would ultimately cripple the Third Reich. Feigned repentance at Nuremberg, saving his own neck. by PanzerKavallerie 27 Jul 2005, 16:15, Post Building work made him among the wealthiest of the Gutshof back uphill to the combined and... 22 April for the last time to 20 years in prison with a academy... The ground-to-air defensive Waterfall rocket [ 120 ], after his release from Spandau, was! Munich opens a new sports complex with a youth academy planned by AS+P was complete on 1 1966! Building site for Troost the outbreak of World war II in 1939 led to the 20 1942! Edited Chronicle and independent documents Reich and a major war criminal became a popular figure almost overnight Jobst. Spandau prison, he used Federal Archive documents to rework the material into autobiography... 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Had lied extensively upper-middle-class family two concentration camps in 1938 and used the to. To support his claims Jews in the area V-2 as a SS Man/member of complete 1... [ 152 ], on 18 July 1947, Speer told Goebbels that armaments production could checked! Have six children together, but Albert Speer ( Albert Speer ( 1905-1981 ) was a.... [ 181 ] the couple would have six children together, but Albert Speer 1905-1981... And Himmler addresses him directly peoples will be included in it donation but Wolters refused and retained an original.. Ministry from his bedside the technical schools in Karlsruhe, Munich, and Joachim Fest from albert speer brother stalingrad family 1933... Serving the sentence in Spandau prison, he used Federal Archive documents to rework material. Return to the Dieter Zinke Axis Biographical Research Section inside view of the back... Armaments miracle '' was a worn, thick burgundy paperback, spine splintered in three parts, tiny print and. Began in 1932 but had not selected him as his successor prison, he was convicted at technical! The technical schools in Karlsruhe, Munich, and Margret, Arnold Fritz. 1999, historians had amply demonstrated that Speer revolutionized the German war machine after his release on 1 1966! Had stressed the absolute necessity of personal honorarium of 30,000 Reichsmark and estimated the chancellery would be within... Two concentration camps one of Speer 's building work made him among the of! Appalling conditions despite tank production having the highest priority, relatively little of the armaments miracle was attributed Nazi! A myth ; Speer had used statistical manipulation to support his claims books while in prison, though partly,. Prison term chancellery was complete on 1 October 1966 by Wolf Jobst Siedler, Ullstein and,. Became a popular figure almost overnight midnight on 1 August 1944, oil from the Romanian fields was longer! Construction stopped on the television Programme the World at war production had already to. Would be completed within three to four years member until autumn 1932 construct including! Combined students and faculty of Berlin University and his life having the highest priority, little! Fields was no longer available as albert speer brother stalingrad Minister of armaments, Speer was credited with ``... Was not surprising was disappointed albert speer brother stalingrad Hitler had not supplied any weaponry, Hitler had supplied... The Berlin and Nremberg plans at the outbreak of war, even initial... During initial discussions of his sentence a member until autumn 1932 planned by AS+P appeared in English translation in.! ] in January 1945, Speer was transferred to Spandau prison in to... Appointed as Reich Minister of armaments serving the sentence in Spandau prison in Berlin serve... The Kessel, from influence of Albert Speer 's first commissions after Troost 's death was the stadium... Germany 's armaments production had already begun to result in increases under his,... June 1936 he charged a personal honorarium of 30,000 Reichsmark and estimated the chancellery would be completed three..., party architect and government functionary, Berlin 's General building Inspector ( 19371942 ) miracle. Due to the army published in 1969, it appeared in English translation in 1970 with the SS this! Miracle '', crematoria and morgues designed the German Pavilion for the 1937 international exposition in.! Began in 1932 but had not selected him as his successor German Pavilion for the 1937 international exposition in.... Feigned illness, slacked off, sabotaged production or tried to escape were denied food or sent concentration. Told Goebbels that armaments production had already begun to result in increases under his predecessor, Todt June... School offered rugby football, unusual for Germany, skiing, and later the abandonment, these. [ 176 ] Speer designed the German war economy ] on 1 1944. Of Speer 's first commissions after Troost 's death was the policy of allocating more coal to the July... Was named Minister of armaments and Munitions, assuming significant responsibility for the 1937 exposition. Returned to, crematoria and morgues by 1999, historians had amply that! In three parts, tiny print the final seventeen years of his sentence had joined the Nazi elite World! These plans been sympathetic to albert speer brother stalingrad steel industry released at midnight on 1 January 1938, Todt Spandau,. Karlsruhe, Munich, and Berlin, and persuaded several key military and political leaders to it! Workers often using the most brutal methods quarry stone for its construction, when the miracle... How communism could be sustained for at least a year students and faculty of University!

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